Deprecated: Detection\MobileDetect::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $headers as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/MobileDetect.php on line 836

Deprecated: Detection\MobileDetect::setHttpHeaders(): Implicitly marking parameter $httpHeaders as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/MobileDetect.php on line 861

Deprecated: Detection\MobileDetect::setCfHeaders(): Implicitly marking parameter $cfHeaders as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/MobileDetect.php on line 949

Deprecated: Detection\MobileDetect::setUserAgent(): Implicitly marking parameter $userAgent as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/MobileDetect.php on line 999

Deprecated: Detection\MobileDetect::isTablet(): Implicitly marking parameter $userAgent as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/MobileDetect.php on line 1262

Deprecated: Detection\MobileDetect::isTablet(): Implicitly marking parameter $httpHeaders as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/MobileDetect.php on line 1262

Deprecated: Detection\MobileDetect::is(): Implicitly marking parameter $userAgent as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/MobileDetect.php on line 1293

Deprecated: Detection\MobileDetect::is(): Implicitly marking parameter $httpHeaders as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/MobileDetect.php on line 1293

Deprecated: Detection\MobileDetect::match(): Implicitly marking parameter $userAgent as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/MobileDetect.php on line 1322

Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property QuranForAll::$default_reader_aya is deprecated in /home/zaitoonaquranorg/public_html/quran/includes/class.php on line 170
Armed Jihad in the Islamic Legal Tradition
Armed Jihad in the Islamic Legal Tradition
Armed jihad in the Islamic legal tradition has been the subject of lengthy discussions, interpretations, and deliberations among Muslim jurists and scholars for over 14 centuries. Download the paper to find out more
Ahmed Al-Dawoody

Armed Jihad in the Islamic Legal Tradition

Armed jihad in the Islamic legal tradition has been the subject of lengthy discussions, interpretations, and deliberations among Muslim jurists and scholars for over 14 centuries. Download the paper to find out more

John Wiley & Sons Ltd Religion Compass